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| Is Plaswall recommended for multi-storey structures? |
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Plaswall is an avant-garde technological product. After considering the seismic zone of the location, structures up to 9 storeys can be easily constructed with single layer reinforcement. Any structure above 9 storey of unassailable strength can be constructed keeping conventional columns and beams and Plaswall can be used as an in-fill. |
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| Plaswall Shear Wall is solid concrete. Is Plaswall heavier than brick work? |
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Plaswall is an innovative technological product, while it has almost 40% more cement density, still it weighs only half of the traditional brick work. This enables the user to set more walls of greater strength in the given time thereby promoting speedy construction without compromising on the quality. |
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| What is the life of Hardie-Flex Board? |
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Hardie-Flex Board is a product essentially made out of Portland cement and cement products lasts for decades is an open fact. This board has been developed after intensive research and it completely forbids water permeation, thermal transmission and UV rays penetration. The structures formed from Plaswall have 5 times longer life and durability than any other form of construction. |
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| Can we apply Architectural mouldings and claddings on the Plaswall? |
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Yes. Plaswalls are custom manufactured modular walls to suit any design or architectural requirement. |
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| What is the recommended paint for Plaswall surfaces? |
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Painting of Plaswall is as simple as traditional walls. Any paint which goes with conventional walls can be applied on Plaswall surfaces as well. However we recommend latex based paint which will last 5 times more than any other paint on Plaswall. The chances of peeling of paint are completely eliminated and also the odour of paint dissipates faster.
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| What is Plaswall in terms of structural Design parameters? |
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Plaswall is a lost-in-place formwork system for constructing shear wall system.
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What International Standards the Plaswall structural design conform? |
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| Design Parameter |
American |
British |
Indian |
Philippines |
| Reinf. Concrete |
ACI 318M
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BS 8110 part 1
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IS 456
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NSCP 2001
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| Ductile Reqts.
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ACI / ASCE 7
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BS 8110 part 1 |
IS 13920
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NSCP 2001 |
| Design Loads
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ACI / ASCE 7 |
BS 6399
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IS 875
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NSCP 2001 |
| Seismic Parameters
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UBC / ASCE 7 |
UBC |
IS 1893
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NSCP 2001 |
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| What is the minimum reinforcement for Plaswall shear walls? |
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| Minimum Steel Ratio |
American |
British |
Indian |
Philippines |
| Reinf. Concrete |
4.3.2 / 3 ACI 318M:2005
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3.9.4.19 BS 8110-1:1997
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9.1.4.2 IS 13920 |
414.4.3 NSCP 2001
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| What is the Grade of concrete for Plaswall shear walls? Grade of Reinforcing bars? |
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| Usual |
American |
British |
Indian |
Philippines |
| 20 Mpa Concrete |
ACI 318M
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BS 8110 part 1
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IS 456
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NSCP 2001
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| To 30 Mpa Concrete |
ACI 318M
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BS 8110 part 1
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IS 456
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NSCP 2001 |
| Fy=227 Mpa (Reinf.) |
Allowed |
Not available |
Not available |
Allowed |
| Fy=276 Mpa (Reinf.) |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Not available |
Allowed |
| Fy=413 Mpa (Reinf.) |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Allowed |
| Fy=415 Mpa (Reinf.) |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Not available |
| Fy=460 Mpa (Reinf.) |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Not available |
| Fy=500 Mpa (Reinf.) |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Allowed |
Not available |
| Fy=550 Mpa (Reinf.) |
Allowed |
Allowed |
IS 1893
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Not available |
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| What maximum Axial Load Plaswall can carry? |
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| Usual |
American KN/m
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British KN/m |
Indian KN/m |
Philippines KN/m |
| 100mm Thickness
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179.79
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214.08
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214.08
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192.55
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| M20 Conc.; 2.70m Ht. |
199.59
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267.60
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267.60
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214.94
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| M25 Conc.; 2.70m Ht. |
218.38
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321.12
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321.12 |
235.18
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| 150mm Thickness
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| M20 Conc.; 2.70m Ht. |
600.00
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612.72 |
612.72 |
646.16 |
| M25 Conc.; 2.70m Ht. |
670.18 |
765.90 |
765.90 |
721.73 |
| M30 Conc.; 2.70m Ht. |
733.62 |
919.08 |
919.08 |
790.06 |
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| Is Shear wall design eliminates columns and beams completely? |
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Yes. Columns and beams are eliminated. Every wall is a shear wall. However, Plaswall integration with columns / beams can be provided as per structural Engineer recommendation. |
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| What is the recommended foundation type for Plaswall?
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• Raft foundation is the most efficient type, considering cost and time. |
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• Plinth height of 150-200mm from the outside ground level. |
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• Project location as per labor cost rate and/or equipment availability. |
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| How raft footing is better than Isolated footing? |
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• Raft Footing spreads the vertical load to wider area than isolate Footing. Meaning raft footing is more economical. |
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• During shrinkage, Raft footing settle together with the whole structure. While isolated footing settle individually. Individual settlement of footings, causes wall cracks. |
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| What minimum soil bearing capacity (SBC) can be tolerated? Is backfill of sub-grade tolerated? |
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• Minimum SBC required depends to the actual load calculated. |
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• For Raft Footing, 75 Kpa is tolerable having structure <= G+2. Width of the grade beams are adjusted to meet the requirement. |
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• Lesser than 75 Kpa SBC, we prefer to utilize strip or Isolated footing. |
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| How concrete honeycombs in Plaswall are prevented? |
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Honeycomb is a workmanship problem.
Shear Walls by Plaswall, are designed using single layer of reinforcement unless required thickness reaches 200mm and above. Such, chance of honeycomb is prevented.
Concrete slump is raised to 175 to 200mm (Water Cement ratio is adjusted AND Mix retention requirement). Rubber mallet or pencil vibrator, is used for Vibrating on Plaswall surfaces during concrete pouring to avoid honeycombs.
All the processes above, we are observing the precaution of the codes regarding over vibrating of very wet mixes: |
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Code related Sections : |
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| American |
5.10 ACI 318M 2008
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General Requirements only
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| British |
6.2.2BS 8110-1-1997
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Recognition of Permanent Formwork
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| Indian |
13.3.1 IS 456:2000
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Guide for Very wet concrete mix
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| Philippines |
405.11 NSCP 2001 |
General Requirements only
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| Why Plaswall system (Walls only) does not require wet curing? |
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As per leading International Structural Codes, wet curing is needed for exposed concrete surfaces. Since Plaswall is a lost-in-place formwork, wet curing is no longer needed because moisture is retained inside. |
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| Plaswall requires special formwork, shuttering or heavy equipments? |
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• No. Just diagonal bracings for vertical alignment. |
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• Suspended slab shoring is minimized compared to traditional slabs. |
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• No need for investment of plywood, aluminium or steel formworks. All existing equipments can be utilized in Plaswall. It also saves on the warehousing & maintenance cost of steel & aluminium formworks. |
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| What slab system is applicable for Plaswall system? |
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• Steel deck sheet reinforcement. |
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• Joist Slab system. |
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• Precast hollow core. |
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• Integration of Conventional (one way, two way, cantilever). |
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| What roof framing recommended for Plaswall system? |
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• Any form of Roof framing applicable to traditional construction. |
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• For Efficiency reason, we are recommending Light Gauge framing sloped roof. Expensive cost of concrete roof and usual leaks, are substantially minimized. |
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| Is Plaswall recommended for multi-storey structures? Up to what height? |
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• There is no limit if used as an in-fill. The same use of CHB or Bricks. |
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• If without columns and with single layer reinforcement, until the walls have no tension load. Approximately 6-9 storey depends to seismic zone of the location. |
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| Is it possible to make opening on shear walls or demolish portion of them? |
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• Yes. Providing window openings or door to > 4m length solid shear wall is possible as per prior approval of the structural Engineer. |
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